I-Eihe Steel SAFUSU-Phinda igxile ezakhiweni zensimbi iminyaka engama-20. Isakhiwo esikhulu sesakhiwo sohlaka lwensimbi sakhiwa imishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi axhunyiwe. Iqembu le-Engineering lizokwakha izindlela zokuxhumeka kwamaphoyinti okuxhumanisa ngokususelwa esikalini nobunzima besakhiwo. Izindlela zokuxhumeka zivame ukufaka ukuxhumana kwe-bolt kanye ne-welding. Lezi zakhiwo zinezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, njengezakhiwo zezimboni, izakhiwo zentengiso, izakhiwo zomphakathi, njll. Ubonwe emasimini ashiwo ngenhla ngezinzuzo zakhe ezinjengokuphepha nokuqina okuphezulu, futhi sekuyisivinini esiphezulu senkathi entsha yokwakha. Ngakho-ke, kubhekwa njengenketho yokwakha esimeme. Izakhiwo zozimele zensimbi zivame ukutholakala ezakhiweni zezentengiso, zezimboni nezokuhlala.

Zithini izakhiwo zezinhlaka zensimbi?

I-Steel Frade Yakhiwo ngamafomu wezokwakha asebenzisa insimbi njengohlelo oluphambili lokuthwala umthwalo. Uhlaka lwensimbi luthwala imithwalo edluliselwe kusuka ku-floor slabs, izindonga nophahla esakhiweni. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo lufaka amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuhle nokuqina kwezinguquko ezithile, futhi kufanelekile izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwakha njengezakhiwo zehhovisi zokuhlala nezentengiselwano.

Amandla aphezulu wensimbi, ehlanganiswe nesisindo esikhanyayo, asiza ukufeza inqubekela phambili yokwakha esheshayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, insimbi ingavuselelwa futhi isetshenziswe kabusha, ngezindleko zokulungiswa okuphansi, ezihlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Izakhiwo zozimele zensimbi nazo zingaklanywa kalula ngokuya ngezidingo zangempela zokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukile zokusebenza nezendawo.

Izinhlobo zezinhlaka zezinhlamvu zensimbi

Izinhlobo zokwakha amafreyimu wensimbi zifaka phakathi izinhlaka zozimele ezihlanzekile, izakhiwo ezisekelwa ngohlaka, ifreyimu yensimbi + izakhiwo zokhonkolo kanye nezinhlaka zezinhlaka ezinkulu.

Isakhiwo sohlaka oluhlanzekile lubhekisele esakhiweni sohlaka esakhiwe ngokuxhumeka kokuxhunyelelwa kwensimbi kuphela kanye namakholomu ensimbi. Ithwala imithwalo ye-lateral ne mile ngemigqa yamafreyimu. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni ezincane zezimboni nasezakhiweni zentengiso eziphansi.

Ukwakheka kokusekelwa kohlaka kubhekisele ekungeneni kwezixhaso zekholomu phakathi kwezinhlaka ezihlanzekile ngesisekelo samafreyimu ahlanzekile. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo lunokuqina okungcono. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zezitshalo ezinkulu zezimboni, izakhiwo eziphakeme zokuhweba kanye nezakhiwo ezinkulu ze-span. Njengamanje ukukhetha okujwayelekile kwezakhiwo zozimele zensimbi.

Imininingwane yokwakhiwa kwensimbi yensimbi

Izakhiwo zozimele zensimbiNgokuvamile kwakhiwa imishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi, axhumeke komunye nomunye ngama-bolts kanye nokufudumala. Ukuze uthuthukise ukuqina nokuqina kwesakhiwo, ama-diagonal brace noma ama-x-braces asetshenziselwa ukulungisa amakholomu ensimbi nemishayo kanye nokhonkolo kufakwa ezansi kwekholomu ngayinye yensimbi. Uphahla nezindonga zenziwa ngamapuleti ensimbi amancanyana. Ukuzuza ukuvikela umlilo nokuvimbela ukugqwala, ukumbona okuvuthayo kwe-Fireproof and rust kufakwa ezindaweni ezikhona zezakhi namapuleti ensimbi.

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile

Amandla nokuqina. Insimbi iyinto eqinile futhi eqinile. Izakhiwo zensimbi zingamelana kangcono nezinhlekelele zemvelo ezinzima, ezinjengomoya onamandla nokuzamazama komhlaba.

Izinto ezizinzile nezemvelo. Insimbi iyi-100% esetshenziswa kabusha nemvelo yezinto ezinobungane ezingasetshenziswa kaninginingi.

Izindleko eziphansi. I-Steel Uzimele Izakhiwo zinomhlangano osheshayo nejubane le-Erection, ukonga abasebenzi kanye nezindleko zesikhathi.

Nezimo. Isakhiwo sohlaka lwensimbi singacutshungulwa futhi sifakwe ngokuya ngezidingo ezahlukahlukene kanye nemiklamo yamabhizinisi

Esikhathini seminyaka emibili yokuthuthukiswa komkhakha okujulile, isakhiwo sensimbi e-Eihe sivele kusuka kumenzi wezindawo zokugcina zensimbi kumhlinzeki wezisombululo zesikhala zezimboni zesimanje. Siyakwazi kahle ukubaluleka kwesikhala esiphephile, esihlala isikhathi eside futhi esisebenzayo sokusatshalaliswa kwezinto zokuyalela, ukukhiqiza ukukhiqiza kanye nokuphathwa kwethempeli.

Umkhiqizo wethu oyisisekelo ukwakha isakhiwo esikhulu ngekholomu yensimbi eqinile nemishayo. Ngokuxhunyaniswa okuqondile kwe-bolt kanye namasu we-welding, kuqinisekisa ukuqina okuphelele nokuqina kwesakhiwo sokwakha. Ingaphandle lesakhiwo limbozwe ngokuqothuka kwensimbi okuphezulu okugcwele, okungamelana ngempumelelo nokuguguleka komoya nemvula futhi kusebenza njengesithiyo esiqinile sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezimpahla zakho, ukusiza amabhizinisi ukunciphisa izindleko, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside kanye nentuthuko yesikhathi eside.

Yisiphi isakhiwo sesakhiwo sensimbi?

A Indawo yokugcina yesakhiwo sensimbiisakhiwo sarehouse sakhiwa ozimele bensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi. Inzuzo yayo enkulu kakhulu ukuthi ingafinyelela isikhala esingenakholomu, ivumela isikhungo sendawo yokugcina izimpahla singafakwanga ngamakholomu futhi sikwazi ukugcinwa kwezimpahla eziningi. Amandla nokuqina kwezakhiwo zensimbi kuhamba phambili phakathi kwezakhiwo ezakhiwe. Ukugcinwa kwesakhiwo kwensimbi yensimbi kungakhiwa ezindlini zokugcina ezinezitezi eziningi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamabhizinisi avinjelwe yizimo zesayithi, zibe ngenye yezisombululo ezithembekile.

Izinkundla zokugcina zensimbi zensimbi zineziqu eziphakeme zenkululeko yokuklama. Ngokusho komsebenzi wokusebenzisa i-warehouse, isikhala sokuthola imishini yokugcina izimpahla singakhiwa, njengokungeza ama-trusses, imishayo ye-crane noma amathrekhi, njll. Ukuphikiswa okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala nokumelana nomlilo kuphakamise ukuqina nokuphepha kwezakhiwo ezivela ezingeni lezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngalesi sizathu, ngesikhathi sokuhlela isigaba, noma ngabe kuyinto enhle, noma ukuphakama okusobala okumangazayo, noma umugqa wensimbi wangaphakathi, izakhiwo zensimbi zonke zingatholakala kalula, zigcine ukuguquguquka ngokwanele kokwanda okuzayo.

Ukubuyela ekwakheni ngokwayo, izinzuzo zezakhiwo zensimbi ziqondile. Izakhi eziphambili zonke ziqaliswa kabusha efektri, kanti ukwakhiwa okuku-site kufana nomhlangano oqondile nosheshayo, okunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokwakha kanye nezindleko eziphelele. Ukuhlanganisa le ndlela yokwakha esebenza kahle namashumi eminyaka wesevisi ende yesakhiwo, izinzuzo zezomnotho kuyo yonke imijikelezo yayo yonke ziyabonakala.

Izinhlobo zezinkundla zezinhlaka zensimbi

Njengefomu lesicelo elijwayelekile kakhulu, izindawo zokugcina zensimbi ezingenazimpawu ezizodwa zinazo zonke izifundo eziqediwe endizeni eyodwa. Inqubo ilula, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwesikhala liphezulu, futhi lingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwansuku zonke.

Ama-Warehouse we-Multi-story steel wazalwa abhekana nezindleko eziphakeme zomhlaba futhi alungele ikakhulukazi izikhungo zasemadolobheni noma ezindaweni ezinokusetshenziswa komhlaba okulinganiselwe. Izinto eziqonde mpo zingatholakala ngama-liftors angakhelwe ngaphakathi noma emigunjini, edala indawo ephindwe kabili endaweni ekhawulelwe.

Izindawo zokugcina ze-single-span kanye nezindawo eziningi ze-sping

Izakhiwo ze-Multi-Span zakhiwa izikhala ezifanayo ezifanayo futhi zixhunyiwe futhi zisekelwa yikholomu eziphakathi, ezikwazi ukumboza izikhala ezinkulu ezingafakwanga. Ziwukukhetha okujwayelekile kwezindawo zesitoreji esikhulu sanamuhla.

Ama-Warehouses anama-canopies / alayisha amapulatifomu anweba ama-canopies wensimbi ngaphandle kokufakwa kwama-warehouse futhi aphuma, akha izindawo zokulayisha kanye nokulayisha kahle izimpahla kanye nemishini evela ezimeni zezulu. Lokhu sekuyindawo evamile ezikhungweni zezinto zanamuhla.

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Akunandaba noma luhlobo luni lwesakhiwo sensimbi esingukuthi, impahla ebalulekile yinsimbi. Ngoba insimbi inobunzima obuqinile nokuqina, izakhi zingasabalalisa amandla komunye nomunye, zimelana kahle nezinhlekelele zemvelo ezinjengomoya onamandla nokuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla. Ukwakha indawo yokugcina yesakhiwo sensimbi, isinyathelo sokuqala ukushumeka kuqala ama-anchor bolts, ngenhloso yokwakha isakhiwo esizinzile ngohlaka lwensimbi emhlabathini. Lapho-ke izinto ezenziwa kabusha zithuthwa esakhiweni sokwakha ukuze zihlangane. Ekugcineni, faka amaphaneli odonga, amaphaneli ophahla nezicabha namafasitela. Idizayini yangaphakathi idinga ukwenziwa komuntu ngokwenhloso yesitolo sokugcina impahla ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene.

Izinzuzo Zomkhiqizo

Qhathanisa nezindawo zokugcina zokhonkolo zendabuko,izimbotshana zensimbibona ngokwabo benziwe ngensimbi eqinile, abasindi futhi bangamelana nemithwalo emikhulu.

Isikhala esikhulu sekholomu esingenamakholomu singakwazi kalula ukwamukela amakhulukhulu amamitha wesikhala sokugcina, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindawo zokugcina kanye nokuvumela ukuhlelwa kwezindawo eziguqukayo.

Kuqinisekiswe ngokufana nombuso futhi ihlangabezana namabanga okumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nomoya.

Imodi eqalwayo ifaka ukukhiqizwa nokusebenza efektri, ngokufakwa okudingekayo kuphela esizeni, okunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha futhi kusheshise isikhathi sokusebenza.

Isikhala siyashintsha futhi singakwazi ukubhuka kwezakhi ze-Lap zokunwetshwa okulula kwendawo yokugcina izinto ngokuzayo. Ukwanda kwesitolo sokugcina sensimbi kulula futhi ngeke kuthinte ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwesitolo.

Isakhiwo sonke senziwe ngezinto zokwakha imvelo. Noma ngabe yisakhiwo sensimbi esemqoka noma amathayili wensimbi yombala odongeni nophahla, ubuchwepheshe obusha bezemvelo bezinto ezinobungane obungahlinzeki kuphela ukufakwa nokulondolozwa kokushisa kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.

Izakhiwo zensimbi zesikole zisakhiwo ezisebenzisa insimbi njengento eyinhloko, ukwakheka kwensimbi e-Eihe kungaba ngumlingani wakho ukuthi aqale iphrojekthi enjalo.  Isakhiwo sabo esiyisisekelo esakhiwa imishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi.  Izakhiwo zensimbi zesikole zinomklamo oguquguqukayo futhi zakhiwe indawo ehlukile yemfundo ngokuya ngesidingo soMklami, ukusiza abafundi ukukhula ngokuphelele.  Izakhiwo zensimbi yesikole zinokusebenza ngokugcwele, zakha amakilasi amancane amakhampasi amakhulu eyunivesithi, konke kufanelekile ezakhiweni zesakhiwo sensimbi.

Yini isakhiwo sensimbi yesikole?

Izakhiwo zensimbi zesikole ziyizinhlaka zemfundo ezakhiwa imishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi. Imishayo yensimbi namakholomu imvamisa ixhumeke ndawonye ngama-bolts noma i-welding, yakha isakhiwo esizinzile nesiqinile esingamelana nezinhlekelele zemvelo ezinjengemimoya enamandla nokuzamazama komhlaba. Zingaklanywa ngokuya ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezakhiwo zesikole ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zemfundo. Ngenxa yobungani bezemvelo nokuqina kwensimbi, izindleko zokulungiswa kwakamuva zezakhiwo zokwakheka zensimbi ezikoleni ziphansi futhi impilo yabo yenkonzo yisikhathi eside.

Sekukonke,Izakhiwo zokwakheka zensimbiEzikoleni zihlala isikhathi eside, zivumelana nezimo futhi zisimeme, futhi zinganikeza ukufundisa okuphephile nokuthembekile kokufundisa nokufunda kwezikhala zabafundi nothisha.

Izinhlobo zezakhiwo zokwakheka zensimbi ezikoleni

Izakhiwo zensimbi zesikole zingahlukaniswa ngamazinga azo asebenzayo ekufundisweni nasezakhiweni zocwaningo, ezemidlalo namasiko, kanye nezakhiwo zenkonzo eziphilayo.

Ukwakheka okuyinhloko kwezakhiwo zokwakheka zensimbi ezikoleni zokufundisa nokucwaninga isakhiwo sensimbi. Lesi sakhiwo singafinyelela ukwakheka kwezinhlaka ezinkulu, okwenza indawo ephakathi nendawo enkulu futhi ikwazi ukuhlala imishini efundisayo kanye nabafundi. Ijubane lokwakha lezinhlaka zezinhlaka zensimbi liyashesha. Zingaqedwa ngokushesha phakathi nobusika kanye namaholide ehlobo ngaphandle kokuthinta inqubekela phambili yokufundisa. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zokufundisa, ezakhiweni zelebhu, izakhiwo zokuphatha, njll.

Ukwakheka okuyinhloko kwezakhiwo zokwakheka zensimbi kwezemidlalo kanye nezikole zamasiko kuyinkomba noma isakhiwo segridi, esinokuqina okungcono futhi kufanelekile kakhulu izikhala ezinkulu ze-span. Imishayo yensimbi ingenziwa ngemigqa ethile yejometri ukwenza isakhiwo sanamuhla. Imvamisa isetshenziswa ezindlini zokuzivocavoca ezikoleni, amachibi okubhukuda, izindawo zokudlala zesimo sezulu zonke, amahholo, njll.

Isakhiwo esikhulu esisetshenziswe ezakhiweni zesakhiwo zensimbi yezikole zenkonzo yempilo yisakhiwo sohlaka lwensimbi. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo lungakhiqizwa ngendlela ejwayelekile emafektri, ngesivinini esisheshayo sokufaka esizeni, futhi singasetshenziswa ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zokwakha imvelo ezisetshenzisiwe ngeke zibangele ukulimala ngokomzimba kothisha nakubafundi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zezakhiwo zasendlini zabafundi nezokudlela.

Imininingwane yezakhiwo

Izakhiwo zensimbi zesikole ziyizinhlaka zokufundisa ezakhiwa imishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi. Imishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi ngokuvamile ixhunywe ngama-bolts noma i-welding ukuze wakhe ukwakheka kwesakhiwo esiqinile futhi siqinile. Lesi sakhiwo singamelana nezinhlekelele zemvelo, njengomoya onamandla, ukuzamazama komhlaba.

Ngokulwa nokugqwala, ukuvimbela umlilo kanye nezinhloso zobuhle, zonke izakhi zifafazwe ngopende kanye nezingubo zokulwa ngomlilo kanye nokulwa nokugqwala, okuqinisekisa ubuhle bezakhiwo zokwakha.

Ukuguquguquka komklamo weIzakhiwo zensimbi yesikoleAkubonakali kuphela emandleni alo okuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zesikole, kodwa futhi nasekukhulisweni kwawo, izakhiwo zensimbi zesikole zinganwetshwa noma ziguqulwe ngokuya ngentuthuko yakamuva yesikole.

Izinzuzo

Iqinile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside: Insimbi iyinto eqinile kakhulu futhi eqinile kakhulu. Inhlanganisela yemishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi yakha isakhiwo esinzile, esingamelana kangcono nezinhlekelele zemvelo futhi sivikele ukuphepha kwabafundi, othisha nabanye abasebenzi besikole.

Imvelo inobungane futhi i-SUSTAAble: Insimbi iyizinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyi-100%, kanti indawo yokwakha ihlanzekile futhi inobungane bemvelo.

Isivinini sokufaka esisheshayo: Izingxenye zensimbi zingakhiwa ngesitshalo, bese zihanjiswa ngokuqondile esizeni ukuze sibe nomhlangano.

Idizayini eguquguqukayo: Izakhiwo zensimbi yesikole zingahlangabezana nesicelo esihlukile somklami wesikole.

Isakhiwo sensimbi e-Eihe singumkhiqizi kanye nomhlinzeki wezakhiwo zokwakheka zensimbi zezibhedlela eChina. Besilokhu sinakekela ezakhiweni zensimbi ezibhedlela iminyaka engama-20. Ngokuthuthukiswa komphakathi kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kwamazinga ezokwelapha, ukuze kuvumelanise nalesi simo, izakhiwo zesibhedlela kufanele zinwetshwe noma zakhiwe kabusha. Ngakho-ke, izibhedlela zezinkambi zensimbi zingene kancane kancane esweni lomphakathi. Banesivinini sokwakha esisheshayo, kufanelekile ukwandisa futhi kuphephile. Ngalezi zinzuzo,Isakhiwo se-Steelube yisixazululo esisha sokwakhiwa kwesibhedlela.

Uma unentshisekelo ekwakheni isakhiwo sensimbi yensimbi esibhedlela, ungaxhumana nathi, umenzi wokwakha wensimbi odumile noma usonkontileka, ongakunika imininingwane ekwakheni, ekwakheni nasezindleko zamaphrojekthi anjalo.

Yini isakhiwo sensimbi esibhedlela?

I-Steel Stracting Build izakhiwo zesibhedlela zibhekisela kulabo abasebenzisa insimbi njengezinto eziphambili. Ngokuya ngosayizi kanye nesilinganiso sezakhiwo zesibhedlela, izinto ezisetshenzisiwe zibuye zihluka. Izakhiwo zensimbi zilungele ikakhulukazi amabhizinisi noma izikhungo ezifuna ukwandisa izibhedlela ezintsha noma zabe kabusha. Noma ngabe kuyisibhedlela esincane esikhethekile esikhethekile noma isibhedlela esikhulu esiphakeme esiphakeme, izakhiwo zensimbi zingaphatha umsebenzi.

Izinhlobo zokwakha

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenziwa ngemibono yesakhiwo sokwakha nobunjiniyela, okungahlukaniswa ngesakhiwo sohlaka lwensimbi, ifreyimu yensimbi + Isakhiwo sokhonkolo, isakhiwo sohlaka lwe-portal nesakhiwo se-truss.

Isakhiwo sohlaka lwensimbi Isakhiwo esibhedlela njengamanje ifomu elijwayelekile kakhulu ezakhiweni zezibhedlela. Yakhelwe ngokushesha, inesakhiwo esiguquguqukayo futhi ihlelwe ngamagumbi ahlukahlukene emisebenzi ehlukene. Isakhiwo esizinzile esakhiwe yikholomu yensimbi nemishayo yensimbi akumelani nomoya nokuzamazama komhlaba. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zezindaba eziningi ezifana nezakhiwo eziphuma ngaphandle kanye nezakhiwo ezingabonakali.

I-Steel Frame - I-Concrete Core Tube Trady Dealk izakhiwo zezibhedlela yizakhiwo ezihlanganisa izinto zokwakha ezintsha nezindabuko. Uhlaka lwesakhiwo sensimbi lusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuthwala imithwalo emile, ngenkathi ishubhu ekhonkolo ekhonkolo ikakhulukazi ithwala imithwalo evundlile. Kunokuqina okuhle kakhulu, kungasabalalisa ngokulinganayo amandla kuzo zonke izinkomba, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuzuza isikhala esikhulu se-span, okwenza indawo yokuhlala yokwakha i-Hospital Attratient ebanzi futhi ivumela ukubekwa kwemishini yokuphuma kwama-elekthronikhi, njengezikrini zangaphambili. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni ezingaphandle noma ezikhona ezibhedlela ezinkulu eziphakeme kakhulu.

Izici zesakhiwo sohlaka lwe-portal Frame sakhiwo zilula, umnotho omuhle, kanye nekhono lokuthola ama-Interiors angenamandla ekoloni. Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezibhedlela zezakhiwo ezinkulu ezingenamqondo owodwa. Isibonelo, izikhungo zokuhlinzekwa kwezimali zokubulala amagciwane, izindawo zokugcina impahla ezinkulu, izakhiwo zokusekelwa kwezinto, njll.

Izakhiwo zesibhedlela i-Truss zinomthamo we-span oqinile kakhulu, zingasindi ngesakhiwo nangokwesimanje ngesimo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhaleni zomphakathi ezibhedlela ezidinga ama-span amakhulu amakhulu nezimo ezikhethekile.

Imininingwane yalezi zakhiwo

Ukwakha aIsibhedlela Sokuhlulwa Kwensimbi, kuyadingeka ukuxhumana neqembu le-Engineering kuqala, bese unquma isilinganiso, isabelomali kanye nezindawo ezisebenzayo zesibhedlela. Ingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kanye nokwakheka okusebenzayo. Kuyadingeka ukuhlela kahle ubudlelwano phakathi kwezindawo ezisebenzayo ezifana noMnyango wezokwelapha, uMnyango wezobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha, uMnyango we-Inpatient, umnyango osebenzayo, uMnyango we-ICU, kanye nesikhungo sokusebenza. Inzuzo yezakhiwo ezinkulu zensimbi e-Span ikhonjiswa lapha, enganikeza ngezikhala ezingenalo ikholamu yezindawo ezinkulu zemishini yezokwelapha ezinjengeMarni ne-DSA, kanye neminyango yokusebenza.

Ngemuva kokuthi umklamo usuqediwe, izinzuzo zesakhiwo sensimbi zaqala ukuvela. Yonke ikholomu yensimbi, imishayo yensimbi, ama-trusses nezinye izingxenye izokwenziwa kahle, i-batch-cut, i-weldid, ebiwe futhi ifafazwe efektri esekelwe kwimodeli ye-BIM. Ukukhiqizwa kwefekthri kungaqinisekisa ukunemba okuphezulu nekhwalithi ezinzile zezakhi, kufakwa isisekelo sokufakwa okusheshayo nokunembile ku-inthanethi. Lesi isixhumanisi esibalulekile ekunciphiseni isikhathi sokwakha.

Ngemuva kwazo zonke izakhi ziklanyelwe, ukufakwa kwesayithi kungenziwa. Okokuqala, indawo eyisisekelo iveziwe, bese ukwakhiwa kwasemhlabeni kanye nokwakhiwa kwesisekelo kwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye ukuhlinzeka ngesisekelo esinzile sokufakwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi. Ngemuva kokuthi izakhi zithuthwa esizeni, ziphakanyisiwe zisebenzisa ama-cranes amakhulu.

Abasebenzi bahlanganisa amakholomu ensimbi kanye nemishayo ngokulandelana ngama-bolts anamandla noma i-welding. Le nqubo ifana ne- "sakhiwo enamabhulokhi", ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, emphemeni wensimbi wensimbi phakathi kwezitezi ezifakiwe. Ngemuva kohlaka oluphambili kwakhiwa, ukufakwa kophahla nezinhlelo ezivalekile zodonga kwaqala. Izibhedlela zivame ukusebenzisa amaphaneli we-metal sandwich ngenxa yokufakelwa kwawo okuhle kakhulu, ukulondolozwa kokushisa, ukumelana nomlilo kanye nezindawo zokuhlanza ezilula.

Ngenkathi ukwakhiwa okuyinhloko kwesakhiwo sensimbi bekuqhubeka, ukufakwa kwamapayipi okwenziwe ngemishini kanye nogesi kwaqala cishe ngasikhathi sinye. Ngenxa yokuthi izimbobo zingagcinwa kusengaphambili ngemishayo yensimbi, imicibisholo ehlukahlukene yomoya, amapayipi amanzi kanye namathileyi ekhebula angabekwa ngempumelelo. Lokhu kwakha umehluko obukhali nokwakheka kokhonkolo kwendabuko, okudinga ukulinda ukuthi amafomu asuswe ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe, isikhathi esindisa kakhulu.

Ekugcineni, ukufakwa kwemishini nemishini kanye nomhlobiso wangaphakathi kwenziwa. Imishini ifaka amasistimu ajwayelekile njenge-HVAC, Ukuhlinzekwa Kwamanzi kanye nokudonsa, ukuvikelwa komlilo, okukhona njengamanje, futhi okubuthakathaka okwamanje. Ukufakwa okusemqoka kwezinhlelo eziqondene nezokwelapha: Ukubeka amapayipi egesi yezokwelapha, amathrekhi wesistimu yokuhambisa i-Logistics, imisebe yokuhlanza, ukuvikelwa kwemisebe, njll. Umhlobiso wesibhedlela unezidingo eziphakeme, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihlanzekile. Izindonga nophahla futhi zenziwe kakhulu ngamapuleti e-antibacterial, amelana nokugqwala futhi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile (njengamapuleti ensimbi aclectrolytic) noma ukugqokwa okuphezulu kokusebenza.

Izinzuzo zezakhiwo zensimbi ezibhedlela

Indlela yokwakha ehlanganisiwe ifaka phakathi izingxenye zokuhambisa ezakhiwe efektri ukuya endaweni ukuze zikhuphuke. Ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo somhlabathi kanye nokwakhiwa kwezomthetho kwefekthri kwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye, ukonga isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokwakha sonke singafinyezwa ngesigamu, futhi singasetshenziswa ngokushesha.

Amaphoyinti okuxhumanisa phakathi kwezakhiwo angagcina indawo yokungena, okwenza ukwakheka kwesibhedlela kuguqulwe kakhudlwana. Noma ngabe kuyinto engafani noma ukwanda, kungaqedwa kalula ngaphandle kokuthinta ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwesibhedlela.

Izakhiwo zensimbi zibonisa izakhiwo ezithuthuke kakhulu zomhlaba. Imishayo yensimbi namakholomu axhumeke kakhulu, akha izinhlaka ezingeke zikwazi ukumelana nemithwalo eqinile kodwa futhi zimelane nezinhlekelele zemvelo. Vikela ukuphepha kwabasebenzi nemishini.

Ukwakhiwa kwakha uthuli oluncane nomsindo, futhi insimbi iphinde isebenze, okuhambisana nomqondo wanamuhla wezibhedlela eziluhlaza.

Isakhiwo sensimbi e-Eihe singumkhiqizi wezinhlobo ezahlukene zeIzakhiwo zokwakheka zensimbi, Singakha inkundla yesakhiwo sensimbi, xhumana nathi ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuqala iphrojekthi entsha.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlaka zokhonkolo zendabuko, izinkundla zezinkundla zensimbi zinezinzuzo ezinjengendawo enkulu, ukumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba, isikhathi esifushane sokwakhiwa kanye nobungane bezemvelo. Ukuvela kwezakhiwo zensimbi kunike amandla izinkundla zokungabize amakholomu kakhonkolo osindayo njengokwesekwa okuyinhloko, kepha esikhundleni salokho sebenzisa insimbi ngezingxenye ezincane zesiphambano kanye nokulimela okukhulu kokusekelwa kwesisindo. Lokhu akukuvuli kuphela isikhala kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukuqina. Izindlela zokufunda phambili zefektri kanye nezindlela zomhlangano esesimweni futhi zisheshisa isikhathi sokuqeda izakhiwo, ukonga izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nesikhathi.

Ziyini izinkundla zezinkundla zensimbi?

Isakhiwo sensimbi yensimbi isakhiwo esenziwe ngensimbi esenziwe ngensimbi. Uhlaka lwayo oluyinhloko lwakhiwa imishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi axhunywe komunye nomunye. Izindlela zokuxhumeka zingukuxhumeka kwe-bolt noma i-welding. Lezi zindlela ezimbili zokuxhumeka zenza isakhiwo sizinze ngokwengeziwe. Isikali sayo sohlelo sibanzi. Noma ngabe yindawo encane yezemidlalo noma inkundla enkulu ebanzi, isakhiwo sensimbi yisisombululo esithandwayo sokwakhiwa kwenkundla yanamuhla. Kunezakhiwo eziningi zezinkundla zensimbi emhlabeni, njenge-National Stadium eBeijing, eWembley Stadium eLondon, nase-Allianz Arena eMunich, njll.

Izinhlobo Zomkhiqizo

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinkundla zezinhlaka zensimbi, okuvame ukufaka isakhiwo segridi, ukwakheka kwe-truss, isakhiwo se-membrane ne-arch kanye nesakhiwo se-arch.

Inkundla enesakhiwo segridi njengoba isakhiwo sayo esiyinhloko sibhekisa esakhiweni lapho amalungu amaningi exhunywe khona kufreyimu eyinhloko. Ukwakheka kwalolu hlobo lwesakhiwo kufana nesimo se- "cage", enamalungu amaningi ahlinzeka ngobulukhuni obukhulu nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla anengqondo, okwenza kube lula izakhiwo ezinkulu ze-span. Isibonelo, inkundla yeBeijing 'Stadium' yenzelwe lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo.

Inkundla enesakhiwo se-truss njengoba isakhiwo esiyinhloko sibhekisa esakhiweni lapho izinduku ze-tie zixhumeke phakathi kwemishayo yensimbi ukwakha amayunithi anxantathu. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo lunezimo eziguquguqukayo zokwakheka futhi lungadala ukubukeka ngokucebile kwengxabano engaphezulu egobile. Isibonelo, inkundla yezwe eBeijing

Inkundla enesakhiwo se-membrane yentambo njengoba isakhiwo esiyinhloko esibhekisele esakhiweni esisebenzisa amakhebula entambo wensimbi namalungu njengoba kusekela ulwelwesi olunezinkinga. Lo mklamo wanamuhla futhi unemfashini, futhi unganciphisa ingcindezi ethwala umthwalo esakhiweni. Isibonelo, inkundla yase-Allianz eJalimane.

Izinkundla zezinkundla zesakhiwo se-arch njengesakhiwo esikhulu zisebenzisa izakhiwo zemishini ze-arch ukuguqula umthwalo ube yingcindezi ye-axial, uzuze uhlobo lwesakhiwo esikhulu. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo lungabona inkundla ene-span enkulu, amajika amaningi, kanye nomuzwa wamandla nobuhle. Isibonelo, inkundla yeWembley eLondon, e-Bailu Stadium eXiamen, njll.

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Njengesakhiwo sesakhiwo sensimbi enkulu, uhlelo lokuklama nenqubo yokwakha yesakhiwo sensimbi ibaluleke kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuqina kanye nokukhanga kobuhle kwesakhiwo. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi, iqembu le-Design kumele liqale ngokuqonda izidingo zokwakha zeklayenti ukuthola ifomu elifanele kanye nesakhiwo sesakhiwo sensimbi, bese wenza ukuhlaziywa kokumbumbuluzwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwezakhiwo zensimbi.

Isinyathelo sesibili ukuthi zonke izingxenye zicutshungulwa efektri zibe yimidwebo eyenzelwe imidwebo, bese upenda izimbobo zokupenda nokucisha umlilo kanye nokufakelwa phansi kufafazwa ezindaweni zonke zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komlilo. Izakhi zezinkambiso zensimbi ezenziwa ngaphambili efektri zizohanjiswa esakhiweni sokufakwa, kanye nemishini emikhulu efana nama-cranes zizosetshenziselwa ukusiza ekufakweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokuqina kwesakhiwo.

Isinyathelo sesithathu ukufaka amaphaneli odonga kanye namaphaneli ophahleni lwesakhiwo. Izinto ezibonakalayo zamaphaneli odongeni zivame ukuqina kwensimbi yodonga lwensimbi, ezingafinyelela umphumela wokufakwa okushisayo kanye nokulondolozwa kokushisa. Amaphaneli ahlanganiswe eduze nama-rivets akhethekile kanye ne-sealant ukuvikela ukuvuza kwamanzi.

Ekugcineni, ngemuva kwesakhiwo esikhulu ngokwaso sifakiwe, izakhiwo ezisebenzayo zenkundla, njengohlelo lokukhanyisa, uhlelo lokuphuma komoya, imizila yokuphunyuka yomlilo, i-njll., Ingafakwa.

Izinzuzo Zomkhiqizo

Amandla ashubile futhi acindezelayo wensimbi aphakeme kakhulu kunalokho kwezinto zendabuko ezifana nokhonkolo. Lapho uthwala umthwalo ofanayo, izinto zesakhiwo zensimbi zingenziwa lula futhi zicindezele ingcindezi encane kwisisekelo.

Inkundla yezemidlalo isebenzisa amafomu ezakhiwo ezinjenge-trusses, izakhiwo zegridi, ama-arches, kanye nezinhlaka ze-cable-membrane. Isakhiwo sensimbi singakwazi kalula amamitha amamitha ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwekholomu phakathi. Lokhu kungaguqula ukwakheka kwenkundla futhi kunikeze abalaleli umbono ongcono womdlalo.

Izinkundla zezemidlalo zensimbi zensimbi zilula, zisebenza kahle futhi zishesha ukwandisa noma ukudiliza kunezindlu zokhonkolo.

Zonke izinto ziklanywe futhi zikhiqizwa efektri, ezingenziwa ngasikhathi sinye nomsebenzi wesisekelo esizeni sokwakha futhi ngeke zithintwe isimo sezulu, ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise isikhathi sokwakha.

Ingaphezulu lesakhiwo sensimbi lifafazwe ngezimbali ezihlanganisiwe zokulwa nokulwa nokukhulisa, ezingahlangabezana nezidingo zomkhawulo womlilo wezakhiwo futhi zivikele ukwakheka kokugqwala nokuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwayo.

Insimbi luhlobo olusha lwezinto zokwakha eziluhlaza nezemvelo. LaphoInkundla Yezinkundla YezinsimbiIfinyelela empilweni yayo yenkonzo, insimbi ingahlukaniswa kabusha ukuze iphinde isebenze futhi isebenzise kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhi zakhiwa efektri, ezingeke zibangele ukungcoliswa kwemvelo yokwakha.

Isakhiwo sensimbi e-Eiheungumkhiqizi nomhlinzeki wesiteshi sesiteshi sesitimela sensimbi eChina. Besilokhu sigxile esiteshini sesiteshi sesitimela sensimbi iminyaka engama-20. Isakhiwo sensimbi yesitimela sibhekisele esakhiweni sakhe esingumazim Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe besakhiwo sensimbi, amazinga obuchwepheshe wezakhiwo zensimbi zesitimela sezinto zemvelo zokwakha, ukuxazulula izinkinga zesikhathi eside zokwakha, ukwakheka okuncane kwendawo, ukusebenza okuphansi kokuzamazama komhlaba, kanye nokuvulwa kwezemvelo ekwakhiweni kwezokuhamba nge-New Yesitulo se-ERA entsha.

Yisiphi isakhiwo sesiteshi sesitimela?

Isakhiwo sensimbi yesitimela singenye yezixazululo ezidumile zama-Hub zokuhamba njengamanje. Isakhiwo sensimbi yesitimela siyifomu lesimanje sezakhiwo elinensimbi ephezulu yokusebenza njengohlelo oluphambili lokuthwala umthwalo. Ifaka isakhiwo esibelwe kahle esibalwe ngokwengeziwe kanye nokusimama, futhi sekuyikhetho oluhle lokubhekana nokugeleza komgibeli omkhulu kanye nezimo ezisebenza kahle.

Isakhiwo esiteshini sesitimela asihlangabezana namazinga aphezulu wezakhiwo zokuhamba ngokuya ngokusebenza, ukuphepha nokuqina, kepha futhi athuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwama-hubs anamuhla ngokuvumelana nezimo zanamuhla ezivumelana nezimo zayo zanamuhla ngokuvumelana nezimo zanamuhla ezivumelana nezimo zayo zesimanje.

Iziteshi zesitimela zensimbi yensimbi zifaka isakhiwo esiyinhloko, uhlelo lwamaphahla kanye nohlelo lokubila. Zonke lezi zingxenye ezintathu zingaqalwa efektri. Isakhiwo esikhulu esakhiwe ngokuxhumeka kwemishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi aqinile futhi azinzile, akwazi ukubekezelela imithwalo ethe xaxa futhi aqinisekise ukuphepha kwabagibeli nabasebenzi ngaphakathi esiteshini.

Idizayini yakhe yophahlaya ivumelana nezimo futhi ingafinyelela amajamo ahlukahlukene wesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, njengokusebenzisa izakhiwo ze-truss noma izakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe, ukwandisa isikhala esiphakathi esiteshini futhi samukele okuningi

Uphahla lwesakhiwo sensimbi luvame ukwamukela ukwakhiwa kwemiklamo emikhulu enjenge-trusses kanye nama-arches, okungagcini nje ngokudala ifomu lezakhiwo elikhanyayo nelishukumisayo kepha futhi kufinyelela izikhala ezingenamakholamu. Uhlelo olubiyelwe lungathatha izinto ezinjengamapuleti ensimbi, amabhodi okufaka okufakwayo, kanye nezindonga zeglasi, kucatshangelwa ukumelana nesimo sezulu, imiphumela yokonga amandla, kanye nenkulumo yesimanje yobuhle.

Ukwakheka kwensimbi kweziteshi zesitimela akuhlangene namazinga aphezulu ezakhiwo zokuhamba ngokuya ngokusebenza, ukuphepha nokuqina, kepha kuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Spatial kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwama-hubs anamuhla avumelana nezimo zayo zesimanje.

Izinhlobo zesakhiwo

Ngokombono wesakhiwo, izinhlobo zeIzitimela Zensimbi YensimbiIngahlukaniswa kwizakhiwo zozimele ze-portal, izakhiwo ze-truss, izakhiwo zegridi nezinhlaka ezihlanganisiwe.

Imishayo yensimbi namakholomu wohlaka lwensimbi ye-portal yensimbi yeziteshi zezitimela zenziwe ngensimbi yamandla aphezulu, futhi amaphuzu okuxhuma axhumeke ngama-bolts kanye ne-welding. Izakhi zilula futhi ijubane lokwakha liyashesha. Isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-canopies wesikhulumi kanye neziteshi ezincanyana neziphakathi nezisezingeni eliphakathi.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo sokhonkolo sendabuko, ukwakheka kwe-truss yeziteshi zezitimela azisakusebenzisi imishayo eqinile namakholomu okuxhuma. I-WELDS ngokulinganayo amalungu amancane phakathi kwemishayo emibili yensimbi ehambisanayo, esebenza ukusekela imishayo futhi enikeza imishayo enkulu yensimbi enomphumela ongeyelwe unxantathu. Lezi ziteshi zezitimela ze-truss zesakhiwo azigcini nje ngokulula, ezinzile futhi ezihlala isikhathi eside, kepha futhi zigcina izindleko ezibonakalayo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhaleni ezinkulu ze-span, ezinjengama-canopies eziteshi ezinkulu zezitimela kanye neziteshi ezinkulu zezitimela ezakhiwe.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo ze-Truss, isakhiwo segridi seziteshi zesitimela sinamalungu amaningi phakathi kwezinsimbi zensimbi, futhi yonke imishayo yensimbi ihlanganiswe nokwakha indawo ephelele yegridi, ayisekho nemigqa yamafreyimu wensimbi ahlelwe ngokwahlukile. Lesi sakhiwo sinamaphuzu wokuxhasa okwengeziwe, umthamo onamandla womthwalo, indawo enkulu yokusetshenziswa kwesikhala. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emahholo alinde kanye nezindawo zophahla lweziteshi.

Idizayini yeziteshi zesitimela zesakhiwo ze-arched ziyinkimbinkimbi. Kudinga imishayo yensimbi ukuze ube nemiklamo ethile esetshenzisiwe kanye nezindawo ezinkulu zezakhiwo eziyize. Lesi sakhiwo asiphephile nje futhi sizinzile kodwa futhi sinokuhanjiswa okuhle kokukhanya, okungakha izakhiwo ngokungezwani okubukwayo. Isakhiwo sendawo esingenakholomu esingenakholamu singathola imishini yesiteshi esengeziwe futhi sisetshenziswa kakhulu emahholo alinde iziteshi eziphakathi nezikhulu zezitimela.

Izici zomkhiqizo

Ngokuvamile ukukhuluma, ukuphepha kwabagibeli nabasebenzi, iziteshi zesitimela zisebenzisa indinganiso ephezulu kakhulu yensimbi enamandla, okuhambisana namazinga okuqamba wensimbi waphesheya. Amandla acindezelayo wensimbi angafinyelela ku-460PA. Isakhiwo esithwala umthwalo esakhiwa imishayo yensimbi ephezulu kanye namakholomu ensimbi anamandla azinzile futhi aqinile, anciphise inani lamakholomu maphakathi nesakhiwo nokwenza kahle isikhala sendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo se-spatial truss ezinhlakeni zensimbi kwesinye isikhathi sisetshenziswa njengesakhiwo sehholo lokulinda. Lesi sakhiwo siwuhlelo lwesakhiwo olunobubanzi obukhulu, olungafinyelela ukwakhiwa okukhulu kwezikhathi ngenkathi kuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesakhiwo futhi kungamelana nesivunguvungu sesivunguvungu samazinga angu-8 kuye kwayi-12.

Ngezinhloso zokungena kokufakwa, ophahleni lwezakhiwo luvame ukwamukela amashidi ensimbi noma ama-sandwich we-rock wool sandwich. Izindonga zingafakwa nezinhlelo ze-Photovoltaic Power GenerationS, ezingagcini nje ngokukhulisa inani lokudla okukhanyayo kepha futhi zinikeze amandla esiteshini.

Kungani ukhethe izinhlaka zensimbi zesitimela zesitimela?

Zonke izingxenye ziqanjwa kahle efektri. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlaka zokhonkolo zendabuko, isikhathi sokwakha singafinyezwa cishe ngama-50%. Le nzuzo ikwazi ukunciphisa ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kwesikhathi eside ku-Urban Traffic, isebenze ukusebenza kwangaphambili kwama-hubs, futhi ngokushesha ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwesifunda.

Ngemuva kokuthunyelwa esizeni, izakhi ziqoqwa ngokuqondile, zinciphisa kakhulu imisebenzi emanzi esizeni kanye nesizukulwane sokudonswa kwemfucuza. Inqubo yokwakha ibonakala ngomsindo ophansi nothuli oluncane, ukuba nomthelela omncane endaweni ezungezile futhi uvumelana nomqondo wokwakhiwa okuluhlaza.

Umkhawulo wokumelana nomlilo wezakhi ezisemqoka ufinyelela amahora angama-2,5, futhi izindlela eziningi zokufuduka kanye nemizila yokuphunyuka ecacile inikezwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi bangaphuma ngokushesha, ngokuhlelekile nangezimo eziphuthumayo.

Nikeza okubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenziseni izinto zokwakha ezinobungane bemvelo ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa okuvela emthonjeni. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngokuhlanganisa ama-solar photovoltaic amandla systems, ama-hlana ahlanzekile angasetshenziswa ngempumelelo, ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okusebenzayo kungancishiswa, futhi isakhiwo esiluhlaza sokuhamba sigcina izinsizakusebenza futhi zinobungani bemvelo bangakhiwa.