I-China Steel Stradict umenzi wenkundla nefektri

Isakhiwo sensimbi e-Eihe singumkhiqizi wezinhlobo ezahlukene zeIzakhiwo zokwakheka zensimbi, Singakha inkundla yesakhiwo sensimbi, xhumana nathi ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuqala iphrojekthi entsha.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlaka zokhonkolo zendabuko, izinkundla zezinkundla zensimbi zinezinzuzo ezinjengendawo enkulu, ukumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba, isikhathi esifushane sokwakhiwa kanye nobungane bezemvelo. Ukuvela kwezakhiwo zensimbi kunike amandla izinkundla zokungabize amakholomu kakhonkolo osindayo njengokwesekwa okuyinhloko, kepha esikhundleni salokho sebenzisa insimbi ngezingxenye ezincane zesiphambano kanye nokulimela okukhulu kokusekelwa kwesisindo. Lokhu akukuvuli kuphela isikhala kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukuqina. Izindlela zokufunda phambili zefektri kanye nezindlela zomhlangano esesimweni futhi zisheshisa isikhathi sokuqeda izakhiwo, ukonga izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nesikhathi.

Ziyini izinkundla zezinkundla zensimbi?

Isakhiwo sensimbi yensimbi isakhiwo esenziwe ngensimbi esenziwe ngensimbi. Uhlaka lwayo oluyinhloko lwakhiwa imishayo yensimbi kanye namakholomu ensimbi axhunywe komunye nomunye. Izindlela zokuxhumeka zingukuxhumeka kwe-bolt noma i-welding. Lezi zindlela ezimbili zokuxhumeka zenza isakhiwo sizinze ngokwengeziwe. Isikali sayo sohlelo sibanzi. Noma ngabe yindawo encane yezemidlalo noma inkundla enkulu ebanzi, isakhiwo sensimbi yisisombululo esithandwayo sokwakhiwa kwenkundla yanamuhla. Kunezakhiwo eziningi zezinkundla zensimbi emhlabeni, njenge-National Stadium eBeijing, eWembley Stadium eLondon, nase-Allianz Arena eMunich, njll.

Izinhlobo Zomkhiqizo

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinkundla zezinhlaka zensimbi, okuvame ukufaka isakhiwo segridi, ukwakheka kwe-truss, isakhiwo se-membrane ne-arch kanye nesakhiwo se-arch.

Inkundla enesakhiwo segridi njengoba isakhiwo sayo esiyinhloko sibhekisa esakhiweni lapho amalungu amaningi exhunywe khona kufreyimu eyinhloko. Ukwakheka kwalolu hlobo lwesakhiwo kufana nesimo se- "cage", enamalungu amaningi ahlinzeka ngobulukhuni obukhulu nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla anengqondo, okwenza kube lula izakhiwo ezinkulu ze-span. Isibonelo, inkundla yeBeijing 'Stadium' yenzelwe lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo.

Inkundla enesakhiwo se-truss njengoba isakhiwo esiyinhloko sibhekisa esakhiweni lapho izinduku ze-tie zixhumeke phakathi kwemishayo yensimbi ukwakha amayunithi anxantathu. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo lunezimo eziguquguqukayo zokwakheka futhi lungadala ukubukeka ngokucebile kwengxabano engaphezulu egobile. Isibonelo, inkundla yezwe eBeijing

Inkundla enesakhiwo se-membrane yentambo njengoba isakhiwo esiyinhloko esibhekisele esakhiweni esisebenzisa amakhebula entambo wensimbi namalungu njengoba kusekela ulwelwesi olunezinkinga. Lo mklamo wanamuhla futhi unemfashini, futhi unganciphisa ingcindezi ethwala umthwalo esakhiweni. Isibonelo, inkundla yase-Allianz eJalimane.

Izinkundla zezinkundla zesakhiwo se-arch njengesakhiwo esikhulu zisebenzisa izakhiwo zemishini ze-arch ukuguqula umthwalo ube yingcindezi ye-axial, uzuze uhlobo lwesakhiwo esikhulu. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo lungabona inkundla ene-span enkulu, amajika amaningi, kanye nomuzwa wamandla nobuhle. Isibonelo, inkundla yeWembley eLondon, e-Bailu Stadium eXiamen, njll.

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Njengesakhiwo sesakhiwo sensimbi enkulu, uhlelo lokuklama nenqubo yokwakha yesakhiwo sensimbi ibaluleke kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuqina kanye nokukhanga kobuhle kwesakhiwo. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi, iqembu le-Design kumele liqale ngokuqonda izidingo zokwakha zeklayenti ukuthola ifomu elifanele kanye nesakhiwo sesakhiwo sensimbi, bese wenza ukuhlaziywa kokumbumbuluzwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwezakhiwo zensimbi.

Isinyathelo sesibili ukuthi zonke izingxenye zicutshungulwa efektri zibe yimidwebo eyenzelwe imidwebo, bese upenda izimbobo zokupenda nokucisha umlilo kanye nokufakelwa phansi kufafazwa ezindaweni zonke zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komlilo. Izakhi zezinkambiso zensimbi ezenziwa ngaphambili efektri zizohanjiswa esakhiweni sokufakwa, kanye nemishini emikhulu efana nama-cranes zizosetshenziselwa ukusiza ekufakweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokuqina kwesakhiwo.

Isinyathelo sesithathu ukufaka amaphaneli odonga kanye namaphaneli ophahleni lwesakhiwo. Izinto ezibonakalayo zamaphaneli odongeni zivame ukuqina kwensimbi yodonga lwensimbi, ezingafinyelela umphumela wokufakwa okushisayo kanye nokulondolozwa kokushisa. Amaphaneli ahlanganiswe eduze nama-rivets akhethekile kanye ne-sealant ukuvikela ukuvuza kwamanzi.

Ekugcineni, ngemuva kwesakhiwo esikhulu ngokwaso sifakiwe, izakhiwo ezisebenzayo zenkundla, njengohlelo lokukhanyisa, uhlelo lokuphuma komoya, imizila yokuphunyuka yomlilo, i-njll., Ingafakwa.

Izinzuzo Zomkhiqizo

Amandla ashubile futhi acindezelayo wensimbi aphakeme kakhulu kunalokho kwezinto zendabuko ezifana nokhonkolo. Lapho uthwala umthwalo ofanayo, izinto zesakhiwo zensimbi zingenziwa lula futhi zicindezele ingcindezi encane kwisisekelo.

Inkundla yezemidlalo isebenzisa amafomu ezakhiwo ezinjenge-trusses, izakhiwo zegridi, ama-arches, kanye nezinhlaka ze-cable-membrane. Isakhiwo sensimbi singakwazi kalula amamitha amamitha ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwekholomu phakathi. Lokhu kungaguqula ukwakheka kwenkundla futhi kunikeze abalaleli umbono ongcono womdlalo.

Izinkundla zezemidlalo zensimbi zensimbi zilula, zisebenza kahle futhi zishesha ukwandisa noma ukudiliza kunezindlu zokhonkolo.

Zonke izinto ziklanywe futhi zikhiqizwa efektri, ezingenziwa ngasikhathi sinye nomsebenzi wesisekelo esizeni sokwakha futhi ngeke zithintwe isimo sezulu, ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise isikhathi sokwakha.

Ingaphezulu lesakhiwo sensimbi lifafazwe ngezimbali ezihlanganisiwe zokulwa nokulwa nokukhulisa, ezingahlangabezana nezidingo zomkhawulo womlilo wezakhiwo futhi zivikele ukwakheka kokugqwala nokuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwayo.

Insimbi luhlobo olusha lwezinto zokwakha eziluhlaza nezemvelo. LaphoInkundla Yezinkundla YezinsimbiIfinyelela empilweni yayo yenkonzo, insimbi ingahlukaniswa kabusha ukuze iphinde isebenze futhi isebenzise kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhi zakhiwa efektri, ezingeke zibangele ukungcoliswa kwemvelo yokwakha.