Kungakanani Okwaziyo Ngezindlela Zokuxhuma Kwesakhiwo Sensimbi?

Isakhiwo sensimbiibhekisela esakhiweni sesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esihlanganiswe ngokuxhuma amalungu esakhiwo njengamakholomu ensimbi kanye nemishayo yensimbi ngokusebenzisa amalunga afanelekile. Izindlela zokuxhuma zenza ingxenye ebalulekile yezakhiwo zensimbi. Ukukhetha indlela yokuxhumana efanele akubalulekile nje kuphela ekuphepheni kwesakhiwo, kodwa futhi kusiza ukunciphisa izindleko zephrojekthi ngokwezinga elithile. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izindlela zokuxhuma ezitholakalayo zezakhiwo zensimbi?

Ngokuhambisana nendlela yokudlulisa amandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwakha, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuxhuma okuzimele kwezakhiwo zensimbi: ukuxhumeka okushiselwe, ukuxhuma okuboshiwe kanye nokuxhumana okuhlanganisiwe. Lesi sihloko sizochaza kabanzi ngezimiso zabo zokusebenza kanye nezindlela ezingokoqobo ezisetshenziswayo.

Izixhumanisi ezishiselwe

Ibona ukuhlangana kwe-metallurgical ezingeni le-athomu. Umgomo wayo wokusebenza uwukwakha ichibi elincibilikisiwe eliwuketshezi ngokuncibilika kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, okuvumela ukungena okufanayo kanye nokusabalalisa phakathi kwama-athomu ukuze kukhiqizwe izinhlamvu zekristalu ezabiwe. Ingqikithi eqhubekayo futhi ehlanganisiwe yakheka ngemva kokupholisa nokuqiniswa.

Le ndlela yokuxhuma ihlanganisa ukucushwa okulula, ukuqina kokuxhumeka okukhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuvala uphawu nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Noma kunjalo, ibeka izidingo eziphezulu ekwazini kwabashiseli futhi inomthelela omkhulu ezintweni zensimbi. Lobu buchwepheshe buvame ukusetshenziselwa ukucubungula insimbi ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kwefekthri.

Izixhumanisi eziboshiwe

Ukuxhumana okuboshiwe kuyindlela yokuxhumana evame ukwamukelwa yokuhlangana esizeniizakhiwo zensimbi. Umgomo wayo wokusebenza ukuqinisa amabhawodi ngezikele ze-torque ukuze kwelule amashanki ebhawodi futhi kukhiqize amandla amakhulu angaphambi kokushuba ukuze abambe amapuleti ensimbi. Amandla okungqubuzana aqinile akhiqizwa ngokumelene nokuthambekela kokushelela okuhlobene phakathi kwamapuleti ensimbi amelana nemithwalo yangaphandle.

Izixhumi eziboshiwe zihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko zibe amabhawodi ajwayelekile namabhawodi anamandla aphezulu. Amabhawudi ajwayelekile anomthamo ophansi wokuthwala. Badlulisa amandla ngokumelana ne-shear yamashanki ebhawodi kanye nengcindezi ethwala izimbobo zebholiti ngokubandakanyeka kwemishini. Ngokuphambene, amabhawodi anamandla aphezulu ancike emandleni okubamba akhiqizwe i-bolt pre-tension ukuze adale ukungqubuzana endaweni ethintwayo yezinto eziyisisekelo futhi adlulise imithwalo ngokumelana nokuthambekela kokuslayida okuhlobene ngokungqubuzana. Amandla amakhulu okubamba phakathi kwamapuleti aletha ukungqubuzana okuqinile namandla okuthwala aphakeme.

Uxhumano olunamabhawudi anamandla aphezulu lumelela indlela yokuxhumana evamile yokufakwa esizeni kwezakhiwo zensimbi okwamanje futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanganiseni kwekholomu yohlaka nokuhlanganisa amalungu.

Izixhumanisi Ezihlanganisiwe

Nakuba kubonakala kufana nokuxhumana okuboshiwe, ukuxhumeka okuhlanganisiwe kusebenza ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele. Le nqubo ihilela ukushisisa ama-rivets ukuze athambe, ukufaka ama-rivets emigodini yezingxenye ezixhunyiwe, bese ushiya umkhawulo owodwa uphumele. Amathuluzi akhethekile abe esesetshenziswa ukufaka ingcindezi ekugcineni okuveziwe ukuze kuqalwe ukuwohloka kwepulasitiki bese kwakha ikhanda le-rivet.

Umthelela wokugcwalisa oqinile owenziwe ukunwetshwa kokushisa nokufinyela udlula owamabhawudi ajwayelekile. Nokho, inqubo yokwakha iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyabiza. Ngokuvela kwama-bolts anamandla amakhulu, ukuxhumeka kwe-riveted kancane kancane sekuphelelwe yisikhathi. Namuhla, le ndlela yokuxhuma isetshenziswa kuphela ezisekelweni zemishini esindayo noma izakhiwo zebhuloho ezingaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo kanye nezidingo eziqinile zokumelana nokudlidliza.

Kubunjiniyela obusebenzayo, ukuxhumana okushiselwe kusetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwefekthri nasezigabeni ezibalulekile zokwakha. Amabhawodi anamandla aphezulu asetshenziselwa izindawo ezingaphansi kwezidingo zokulayisha okuphezulu, futhi amabhawodi ajwayelekile agcina inani elisebenzisekayo elingenakuthathelwa indawo lokuxhunywa okungathwali mthwalo noma okuyisizayo. Izixhumanisi ezixhunywe ngokuyinhloko zithathelwe indawo amabhawodi anamandla amakhulu; ngaphandle kokugcinwa nokuqiniswa kwenani elincane lamabhuloho anesisindo esinzima, ukuxhumeka okuhlanganisiwe sekuphelelwe yisikhathi kakhulu kubunjiniyela besakhiwo sensimbi.

Ukukhethwa kwezindlela zokuxhuma akukhathaleli ukuphepha kwesakhiwo kuphela, kodwa futhi kuhlola ukuqonda kwabakhiqizi kanye namandla okusebenzisa amazinga obuchwepheshe. Isekelwa ubuciko obuqinile,EHSSyandisa kancane kancane imakethe yayo yomhlaba wonke. Samukela izixazululo ezifanele zokuxhuma ukuze senze imikhiqizo yesakhiwo sensimbi eqinile nethembekile, futhi siqhubeke nokuletha izixazululo eziphephile nezisebenza kahle emhlabeni wonke.